Showing posts with label plastic surgery. Show all posts
Showing posts with label plastic surgery. Show all posts
Friday, January 24, 2014
plastic cosmetic surgery
plastic cosmetic surgery : the magic potion?
A work by Psychology Today magazine shows that many people are not satisfied with their looks: 60, 000, 000 do in contrast to their noses; 30, 000, 000 don't like their chins; 6, 000, 000 don't like their ears and 6, 000, 000 don't like their eyes. Unfortunately, science has achieved so far to try to meet our society's unhealthy higher level of ‘perfect body'. Cosmetic surgical treatment: the hype of the minute. But is it the magic potion? Certainly not.
To begin with, there's no point in cutting into a healthy body. How small the operation could be, for example cosmetic nasal surgery, there is always an opportunity something goes wrong. The numbers are very alarming: in 20% coming from all cases, the patient must recover from the destruction he experienced. Although serious risks like blindness and heavy lung troubles are rather rare, less serious risks will not be concealed: chronic pain, allergic attack, delayed or prolonged therapeutic,... In any case, surgery treatment is far from discomfort free.
And what is more: a number of surgeries have previously failed. ‘The magic potion' caused a lots of people to die because of operations which were far from needed. To adopt one example: the 36-year older housewife Lorraine Batt, mother of three small children, came to an untimely death as the consequence of surgery that would create her belly more pretty to think about. Such tragic events certainly are a strong warning that our society must move into a much less appearance-focused one.
In inclusion, the long-term consequences are often not taken into consideration. In fact, it is useless to plod through a facelift. That should be to say: the only thing a really cosmetic surgery does, is to make you younger for a couple years. Life goes with and afterwards, the wrinkles go back. It is as unnatural to try to possess eternal youth, because it is to oppose the ageing process. Silicones implants ought to be replaced within fifteen years. That seems to be quite a long time, but the fact this implies a new surgical treatment, is often forgotten.
Also, is it morally directly to change the body you happen to be given and transform it into ‘something' you're not? Every single person is unique that is what makes life and so special. Of course some do more resemble (twins in addition to look-alikes), but nobody feels quite exactly like you do. The outside appearance could be the representation of the inner-self. As a result, drastically redesigning your appears causes strange effects, take in particular Michael Jackson. If your current personality is lacking, your appearance will likely lack. This goes together, cosmetic surgery does not make you someone else.
A common ground to plod through this procedure is to make oneself more confident, cozy and stronger than some others. Some youngster see plastic surgery as a quick fix because of their physical, and their over emotional problems. On the opposite, cosmetic surgery cannot produce miracles, and if teenagers keep thinking by doing so, our society is going through an unhealthy future. Cosmetic surgery really should not be the option, and it can definitely not be taken lightly. It will modify the patient's life, and with techniques they may not include expected, which is shown from the paragraphs above.
As wonderful as this little bit of modern medical technology may possibly sound, it turns out that cosmetic surgery may not be that advantageous. That is why the perfect body image needs to be thrown away, and needs to be replaced by the concept that everyone is special person, with his/her shortcomings.
A work by Psychology Today magazine shows that many people are not satisfied with their looks: 60, 000, 000 do in contrast to their noses; 30, 000, 000 don't like their chins; 6, 000, 000 don't like their ears and 6, 000, 000 don't like their eyes. Unfortunately, science has achieved so far to try to meet our society's unhealthy higher level of ‘perfect body'. Cosmetic surgical treatment: the hype of the minute. But is it the magic potion? Certainly not.
To begin with, there's no point in cutting into a healthy body. How small the operation could be, for example cosmetic nasal surgery, there is always an opportunity something goes wrong. The numbers are very alarming: in 20% coming from all cases, the patient must recover from the destruction he experienced. Although serious risks like blindness and heavy lung troubles are rather rare, less serious risks will not be concealed: chronic pain, allergic attack, delayed or prolonged therapeutic,... In any case, surgery treatment is far from discomfort free.
And what is more: a number of surgeries have previously failed. ‘The magic potion' caused a lots of people to die because of operations which were far from needed. To adopt one example: the 36-year older housewife Lorraine Batt, mother of three small children, came to an untimely death as the consequence of surgery that would create her belly more pretty to think about. Such tragic events certainly are a strong warning that our society must move into a much less appearance-focused one.
In inclusion, the long-term consequences are often not taken into consideration. In fact, it is useless to plod through a facelift. That should be to say: the only thing a really cosmetic surgery does, is to make you younger for a couple years. Life goes with and afterwards, the wrinkles go back. It is as unnatural to try to possess eternal youth, because it is to oppose the ageing process. Silicones implants ought to be replaced within fifteen years. That seems to be quite a long time, but the fact this implies a new surgical treatment, is often forgotten.
Also, is it morally directly to change the body you happen to be given and transform it into ‘something' you're not? Every single person is unique that is what makes life and so special. Of course some do more resemble (twins in addition to look-alikes), but nobody feels quite exactly like you do. The outside appearance could be the representation of the inner-self. As a result, drastically redesigning your appears causes strange effects, take in particular Michael Jackson. If your current personality is lacking, your appearance will likely lack. This goes together, cosmetic surgery does not make you someone else.
A common ground to plod through this procedure is to make oneself more confident, cozy and stronger than some others. Some youngster see plastic surgery as a quick fix because of their physical, and their over emotional problems. On the opposite, cosmetic surgery cannot produce miracles, and if teenagers keep thinking by doing so, our society is going through an unhealthy future. Cosmetic surgery really should not be the option, and it can definitely not be taken lightly. It will modify the patient's life, and with techniques they may not include expected, which is shown from the paragraphs above.
As wonderful as this little bit of modern medical technology may possibly sound, it turns out that cosmetic surgery may not be that advantageous. That is why the perfect body image needs to be thrown away, and needs to be replaced by the concept that everyone is special person, with his/her shortcomings.
Wednesday, January 22, 2014
plastic surgery videos and operations
today we introduce to you a various videos about plastic surgery
we have this channel for you about it
now you can watch a lot of operations and topics and new in plastic surgery
we have this channel for you about it
now you can watch a lot of operations and topics and new in plastic surgery
TREATMENT OF PRESSURE ULCERS
Pressure ulcers result from prolonged compression of soft tissues
overlying bony prominences ( Figure 21-9 ). However,
whether excessive pressure is suffi cient to create an ulcer
depends on the intensity and duration of the pressure as well
as on tissue tolerance. Factors that contribute to pressure
ulcer development are immobility, sensory and motor defi -
cits, reduced circulation, anemia, edema, infection, moisture,
shearing force, friction, and nutritional debilitation ( Cuzzell
and Workman, 2010 ). The most common sites of pressure
ulcers are the sacrum, the ischium, the trochanter, the malleolus,
and the heel; these are called decubitus ulcers. These ulcers
are different from chronic ulcers such as vascular, diabetic, and
neurogenic ulcers. Surgical interventions for pressure ulcers are usually based on ulcer staging (also referred to as grading ).
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In stage I the ulcer involves the epidermis and has soft tissue
swelling that is irregular and ill-defi ned; heat and erythema
at the ulcer site are characteristic. A stage II ulcer involves
the epidermis and dermis but not the subcutaneous fat. Stage
III ulcers show full-thickness skin loss with injury to underlying
tissue layers and may contain necrotic material. Thorough
excisional debridement is performed, and IV antibiotic
therapy is instituted. Although debrided stage III ulcers often
heal on their own, surgical excision and closure may be done
to prevent a lengthy spontaneous closure, which may result
in a weak, unstable scar with resultant recurrence. Stage IV
ulcers are the deepest, requiring more radical excisional
debridement. Adequate soft tissue cover may be obtained by
either split-thickness or full-thickness skin grafting or tissue
fl aps
overlying bony prominences ( Figure 21-9 ). However,
whether excessive pressure is suffi cient to create an ulcer
depends on the intensity and duration of the pressure as well
as on tissue tolerance. Factors that contribute to pressure
ulcer development are immobility, sensory and motor defi -
cits, reduced circulation, anemia, edema, infection, moisture,
shearing force, friction, and nutritional debilitation ( Cuzzell
and Workman, 2010 ). The most common sites of pressure
ulcers are the sacrum, the ischium, the trochanter, the malleolus,
and the heel; these are called decubitus ulcers. These ulcers
are different from chronic ulcers such as vascular, diabetic, and
neurogenic ulcers. Surgical interventions for pressure ulcers are usually based on ulcer staging (also referred to as grading ).
In stage I the ulcer involves the epidermis and has soft tissue
swelling that is irregular and ill-defi ned; heat and erythema
at the ulcer site are characteristic. A stage II ulcer involves
the epidermis and dermis but not the subcutaneous fat. Stage
III ulcers show full-thickness skin loss with injury to underlying
tissue layers and may contain necrotic material. Thorough
excisional debridement is performed, and IV antibiotic
therapy is instituted. Although debrided stage III ulcers often
heal on their own, surgical excision and closure may be done
to prevent a lengthy spontaneous closure, which may result
in a weak, unstable scar with resultant recurrence. Stage IV
ulcers are the deepest, requiring more radical excisional
debridement. Adequate soft tissue cover may be obtained by
either split-thickness or full-thickness skin grafting or tissue
fl aps
BURN SURGERY
A majority of burns result from exposure to high temperatures,
which injures the skin. Flame, scalding, or direct contact with
a hot object may cause thermal skin injury. Similar destruction
of skin can result from contact with chemicals such as acid or
alkali or contact with an electrical current. The latter, however,
often involves extensive destruction of the underlying tissue
and physiologic systems in addition to the skin. A 2007 fact
sheet on burn statistics includes the following information:
approximately 500,000 burn injuries receive medical treatment
yearly; 40,000 patients are hospitalized in the United States for
burn injuries, with 25,000 of those admitted to the 125 hospitals
with specialized burn centers (American Burn Association
[ABA], 2007).
Intact skin provides protection against the environment for
all underlying tissues and organs. It aids in heat regulation,
prevents water loss, and is the major barrier against bacterial
invasion. The tissue injury resulting from a burn disrupts this
normal protective function, resulting in local and systemic
effects ( Box 21-2 ). Burn patients are therefore some of the most
acutely ill patients brought to the OR. The greater the degree
of injury to the skin, expressed in percentage of total body surface
area (BSA) and depth of burn, the more severe the injury.
One method of measuring BSA in adults is by use of the rule of
nines
Partial-thickness (fi rst- and second-degree) burns heal by
regeneration of skin from dermal elements that remain intact.
First-degree burns involve the epidermis, which appears pink
or red; sunburn is usually a fi rst-degree burn. Second-degree
burns, also called partial-thickness burns, involve the epidermis
and some of the dermis. Full-thickness (third-degree)
burns ( Figure 21-8 ) involve the epidermis, the entire dermis,
and the subcutaneous tissues; they require skin grafting to
heal because no dermal elements remain intact. Both partialand
full-thickness burns may require debridement of necrotic
tissue (eschar) before healing can occur by skin regeneration
or grafting. An allograft may be used to cover the burned
area during the initial healing process. However, the allograft
must be carefully tested for immunodefi ciency diseases. A
xenograft (e.g., pig skin) may also be used for covering the
burned area.
which injures the skin. Flame, scalding, or direct contact with
a hot object may cause thermal skin injury. Similar destruction
of skin can result from contact with chemicals such as acid or
alkali or contact with an electrical current. The latter, however,
often involves extensive destruction of the underlying tissue
and physiologic systems in addition to the skin. A 2007 fact
sheet on burn statistics includes the following information:
approximately 500,000 burn injuries receive medical treatment
yearly; 40,000 patients are hospitalized in the United States for
burn injuries, with 25,000 of those admitted to the 125 hospitals
with specialized burn centers (American Burn Association
[ABA], 2007).
Intact skin provides protection against the environment for
all underlying tissues and organs. It aids in heat regulation,
prevents water loss, and is the major barrier against bacterial
invasion. The tissue injury resulting from a burn disrupts this
normal protective function, resulting in local and systemic
effects ( Box 21-2 ). Burn patients are therefore some of the most
acutely ill patients brought to the OR. The greater the degree
of injury to the skin, expressed in percentage of total body surface
area (BSA) and depth of burn, the more severe the injury.
One method of measuring BSA in adults is by use of the rule of
nines
regeneration of skin from dermal elements that remain intact.
First-degree burns involve the epidermis, which appears pink
or red; sunburn is usually a fi rst-degree burn. Second-degree
burns, also called partial-thickness burns, involve the epidermis
and some of the dermis. Full-thickness (third-degree)
burns ( Figure 21-8 ) involve the epidermis, the entire dermis,
and the subcutaneous tissues; they require skin grafting to
heal because no dermal elements remain intact. Both partialand
full-thickness burns may require debridement of necrotic
tissue (eschar) before healing can occur by skin regeneration
or grafting. An allograft may be used to cover the burned
area during the initial healing process. However, the allograft
must be carefully tested for immunodefi ciency diseases. A
xenograft (e.g., pig skin) may also be used for covering the
burned area.
History of Plastic Surgery
History of Plastic Surgery
Origins and Growth of Plastic Surgery
Historically, battlefi eld combat has been an impetus for thedevelopment of new medical and surgical techniques based onthe injuries sustained. As battlefi eld technology and the weaponsof war became more sophisticated throughout history, thedegree of injury and tissue devastation became more horrifi c.The trench warfare of World Wars I and II gave rise to a wholenew category of facial injuries. Helmets protected combatant’sskulls and the trenches offered some protection to the chest, butthe face was exposed, and as a result, devastating burns andfractures of the face occurred. Special hospitals were createdto address these problems, and even before the United Statesjoined the fi rst World War, the Harvard unit sent 35 physiciansand surgeons, 3 dentists, and 75 nurses from various medicalcenters to assist in caring for the wounded. These visionarieswere soon developing new techniques and procedures to correctthe disfi guring injuries. They were credited as being the fi rstgeneration of modern plastic surgeons, and helped give muchneeded respect to the specialty.While World War I helped reinvent plastic surgery, thespecialty has been identifi ed as long ago as 600 BC , when aHindu surgeon described using a cheek fl ap to reconstruct anose. Another fl ap technique, this time using the forehead toreconstruct a severed nose, was performed around 1000 AD inIndia.
The Italian surgeon Gaspare Tagliacozzi, also known asthe “father of plastic surgery,” developed still another fl ap surgeryusing the upper arm to reconstruct a nose. History tells usthat the condition of the nose, whether from war, punishment,or social disease (syphilis), presented a story that often wasundesirable. This resulted in impetus in the different societiesto camoufl age the injuries, thus propelling advances in plasticsurgery.Following the end of the fi rst World War, plastic surgeryturned its attention to the rest of society, and concentrated ondeformities caused by birth or trauma. Soon, some surgeonsbegan using their talents to improve less than desirable facialfeatures. For example, Fanny Brice underwent a rhinoplasty inher apartment in 1923 to change the appearance of her nosefrom “prominent to decorative.” In 1924 a New York newspaperhad a contest to transform the city’s homeliest woman into abeauty. Dr. John Howard Crum performed the fi rst facelift onrecord in the Grand Ballroom of the Pennsylvania Hotel in NewYork City in 1931, during which “a pianist accompanied himwith appropriate popular tunes, fl ashbulbs popped, and menan d women fainted.”
Origins and Growth of Plastic Surgery
Historically, battlefi eld combat has been an impetus for thedevelopment of new medical and surgical techniques based onthe injuries sustained. As battlefi eld technology and the weaponsof war became more sophisticated throughout history, thedegree of injury and tissue devastation became more horrifi c.The trench warfare of World Wars I and II gave rise to a wholenew category of facial injuries. Helmets protected combatant’sskulls and the trenches offered some protection to the chest, butthe face was exposed, and as a result, devastating burns andfractures of the face occurred. Special hospitals were createdto address these problems, and even before the United Statesjoined the fi rst World War, the Harvard unit sent 35 physiciansand surgeons, 3 dentists, and 75 nurses from various medicalcenters to assist in caring for the wounded. These visionarieswere soon developing new techniques and procedures to correctthe disfi guring injuries. They were credited as being the fi rstgeneration of modern plastic surgeons, and helped give muchneeded respect to the specialty.While World War I helped reinvent plastic surgery, thespecialty has been identifi ed as long ago as 600 BC , when aHindu surgeon described using a cheek fl ap to reconstruct anose. Another fl ap technique, this time using the forehead toreconstruct a severed nose, was performed around 1000 AD inIndia.
